はじめに
僕はdebianをずっと使用している。
ずっとと言っても etch(4.0) の頃からだ。
Microsoftに嫌気が差して、Linuxに移行したいと考えて
いろいろなディストリビューションを試してみた。
僕がOSに求めることは、安定性と手間がかからないこと。
そして動画(mp4)をカクカクしないで再生できること。
ディストリビューションの比較は書き出すと長くなりそうなので、省略。
debian は、程よく枯れて僕の用途にマッチしていました。
Debian10(buster)がリリースされたので、盆休みを利用して9(stretch)からアップグレードしようかなと。
まぁ、そんな大げさな作業でも無いのですが・・・
レポジトリの変更
/etc/apt/sources.list を編集します。
stretch を buster に置換します。
$ sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb http://security.debian.org/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main
で、更新
$ sudo apt update Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease [118 kB] Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease [46.8 kB] Get:3 http://security.debian.org buster/updates InRelease [39.1 kB] (省略) W: http://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/buster/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key. W: http://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/buster-updates/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key. W: http://security.debian.org/dists/buster/updates/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key. W: http://repository.spotify.com/dists/stable/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key. W: http://security.debian.org/debian-security/dists/buster/updates/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key. E: Problem executing scripts APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success 'if /usr/bin/test -w /var/cache/app-info -a -e /usr/bin/appstreamcli; then appstreamcli refresh-cache > /dev/null; fi' E: Sub-process returned an error code
エラーが発生
調べたらバグらしい。--fix-missing オプションを付けてもう一度トライ。
$ sudo apt-get update --fix-missing (省略) W: http://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/buster/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key. W: http://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/buster-updates/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key. W: http://security.debian.org/dists/buster/updates/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key. W: http://repository.spotify.com/dists/stable/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key. W: http://security.debian.org/debian-security/dists/buster/updates/InRelease: The key(s) in the keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg are ignored as the file is not readable by user '_apt' executing apt-key.
警告だけになった。
調べたら /etc/apt/trusted.gpg が邪魔らしい。
消すのもアレなので、rename してもう一度トライ
$ sudo mv /etc/apt/trusted.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.orig $ sudo apt-get update --fix-missing Get:1 http://security.debian.org buster/updates InRelease [39.1 kB] Hit:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease Hit:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease Get:4 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease [39.1 kB] Fetched 78.2 kB in 0s (105 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done
とりあえず、警告とエラーは出なくなった。
アップグレード
$ sudo apt-get upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: (省略) 889 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 715 not upgraded. Need to get 312 MB of archives. After this operation, 33.2 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] (y を入力して待つ) (省略。確認入力待ちで停止してたりするので、時々チェック) $ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade (省略) 715 upgraded, 396 newly installed, 28 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 1,097 MB of archives. After this operation, 1,398 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] (y を入力して待つ) $ sudo apt-get autoremove Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages will be REMOVED: (省略) 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 223 to remove and 0 not upgraded. After this operation, 1,485 MB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] (y を入力して待つ) $ sudo apt-get autoclean
ホスト名を debian9 にしてたので、debian10 に変更
$ sudo vi /etc/hostname debian10 $ sudo vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 debian10.localdomain debian10
ハングしないことを「Debianの神さま」に祈りながら再起動する。
バージョン確認
問題なく再起動したし、バージョン表示も 10 なのでOK
$ lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Debian Description: Debian GNU/Linux 10.0 (buster) Release: 10.0 Codename: buster
